Today, the situation so that the man inflicts on the environment irreparable damage. This is largely due to the unreasonable use of natural resources. One of the main tasks of ecology is to preserve and develop the natural resources.
Environment and energy saving, these are two concepts that are inextricably linked to each other. Every day, we use electricity for the organization of his life. The thermal power plants that provide this energy are the most polluting production environment. It is obvious that if we want to preserve our planet alive and in good health, we need to use this energy sparingly and useful. Therefore, we can reduce the damage to the central concern of the nature.
Energy and the environment
The level of development of society is determined by the amount of energy consumed per person. Today, the main sources of energy are oil, coal, gas. The work of heat and energy of the boiler and of the thermal power plant in various ways an impact on the environment:
- in the atmosphere of our planet receives a large number of pollutants,
- in the waters to relieve the harmful substances and water heating,
- consumed a large quantity of oxygen,
- large plots of land are used as waste of polygons and funerals.
The contamination of soil, water and air leads to what is called the greenhouse effect. A result of which the temperature on our planet increases, and therefore run other irreversible consequences. It should also be noted that these sources of energy such as oil, gas and coal, is very difficult to renew themselves, and so little time because of their misuse, they can dry out.
Other sources of energy
Modern doctrine strive to find alternative energy sources.
The notion of "energy source" refers to natural substances or phenomena that enable people to get energy.
Alternative sources of energy opposed to traditional sources. Traditional, as we have noted above are for the oil, gas and coal. Other sources are needed to reduce the impact of traditional sources of energy that harm the environment. There are sources that are capable of providing the energy alternative:
- the energy of the sun
- wind energy
- the energy of the water
- the energy of the earth
- biofuels
The solar energy produced from the solar radiation. Solar energy is considered a renewable energy source. Under the term "renewable" refers to energy sources inexhaustible. The advantage of this type of energy is its respect for the environment, it is the process of obtaining energy does not imply the rejection of the hazardous waste and does not pollute the environment. The solar energy obtained by using solar power. This type of energy has advantages and disadvantages. The benefits include the availability and, as has been said above, safety and the environment.
By contrast, applies the dependency of weather conditions and time of day, because of this type of energy can be used regularly in certain climatic zones. The drawbacks also relate to the high cost of these energy facilities, so that their production uses elements that are more expensive. The operation of solar power stations requires the use of large surfaces.
Wind energy is produced by conversion of the kinetic energy of the wind into the atmosphere in any other form of energy. To do this, use a variety of devices, for example, the wind turbines, wind mills, sails. The energy provided by the wind, also related to the renewable energies. In addition, the wind energy is available and safe for the environment. The benefits of using windy energy so that you can include the breezy production on a central, easy to maintain, do not require long lasting installation and a large expenditure.
But certainly, there are some disadvantages, for example, the power of this energy does not depend on the man, and depends on the nature, that is to say, the force of the wind. Minor against some opponents of this technology include a danger to birds, the deterioration of the receiving television and radio signals, the changes in the landscape.
The essence of water energy is to transform the kinetic energy of masses of water into electrical energy. Of energy, using hydroelectric power. The flow of the force of the water has an impact on the turbines that produce electricity. One of the advantages of the use of these facilities, it is that this energy source is inexhaustible. In addition, hydropower plants are safe for the environment. An energy to the way cheap enough. With the advantages there are disadvantages, for example, the dependence of the weather, the climate and the natural environment. Build the station, you can only in some places. Another disadvantage lies in the fact that the energy obtained in this way is difficult to retain them for the implementation at a later date.
In the scientific community of the power obtained using the thermal energy of bowels of the Earth, called geothermal energy. Extract sound thanks to the use of geothermal power plants. During the cooling of our planet gives off an enormous amount of energy which is thousands of times more that allocates fossil fuels. The energy of the Earth is a renewable source of energy. The advantages of this method of production of electricity can be and it does not depend on the environmental conditions. The disadvantages include the high cost of construction and maintenance of these plants. Also considered that these stations can not be called completely safe for the environment, as a result of the work of the station occurs a release of steam, which may contain harmful substances.
The concept of biofuels means fuel that has been received from an animal or vegetable raw materials. Biofuels can be of three kinds:
- solid
- liquid
- gas
Farm biofuels it is firewood, wood chips, straw. Today, the man grown from the menus to the energy of the forest, which is composed of rocks of fast-growing trees.
The liquid fuel is presented mainly bioethanol and biodiesel. Bioethanol is mainly produced from sugar cane and corn. The biodiesel is obtained from the fat of vegetable and animal origin.
The gas biofuels presented by biogas, bio-hydrogen, methane. The biogas obtained from the products of the fermentation of organic waste. Bio-hydrogen is hydrogen gas, which is obtained from the biomass thermo-chemical or biochemical means.
Conclusion
Today, scientists are struggling to reduce the consumption of resources that humanity is wasting energy. Each day the energy needs of more and more and the resources less. At the current stage, it is important to learn how to save and rational use of energy from traditional sources. Even more important is the development of new, inexhaustible, sustainable sources of energy, it will help you for many years to keep our environment alive and in good health.